从Nextcloud迁移到immich

0x00写在前面

有一说一，nextcloud我用了很久了，immich也早久仰大名。最近尝试了一下immich的app，感觉照片同步这块比nextcloud确实要好不少：不仅在同步上比nextcloud好用，还增加了诸如上传后几十天内自动清理相册的功能。最重要的是nextcloud的插件安装之类的非常麻烦，另外docker compose配置一直有问题导致我只能用落后的docker，更新也不方便。现在打算先将照片视频之类的迁移到immich上。

0x01利用immich-go迁移

首先创建一个api key，需要以下权限

asset.read
asset.statistics
asset.update
asset.upload
asset.copy
asset.replace
asset.delete
asset.download
album.create
album.read
albumAsset.create
server.about
stack.create
tag.asset
tag.create
user.read
job.create
job.read

接着运行以下命令（自己改参数）

1	./immich-go upload from-folder --server=http://your-ip:2283 --api-key=your-api-key /path/to/your/photos

对了，顺带一提nginx记得加一行这个，否则稍大一点的图片传不上去

1	client_max_body_size 0;

0x02更改图片识别模型

改一下docker compose的配置先，需要将容器的模型路径引出来

immich-machine-learning:
  container_name: immich_machine_learning
  # For hardware acceleration, add one of -[armnn, cuda, rocm, openvino, rknn] to the image tag.
  # Example tag: ${IMMICH_VERSION:-release}-cuda
  image: ghcr.io/immich-app/immich-machine-learning:${IMMICH_VERSION:-release}
  # extends: # uncomment this section for hardware acceleration - see https://docs.immich.app/features/ml-hardware-acceleration
  #   file: hwaccel.ml.yml
  #   service: cpu # set to one of [armnn, cuda, rocm, openvino, openvino-wsl, rknn] for accelerated inference - use the `-wsl` version for WSL2 where applicable
  volumes:
    - ${MODEL_CACHE}:/cache
  env_file:
    - .env
  restart: always
  healthcheck:
    disable: false

${MODEL_CACHE}这个值就在环境变量文件.env里记录了，随便什么地址都行

接着就是下载模型+更改了，我用的git clone，需要提前安装git-lfs

1	git clone https://huggingface.co/immich-app/XLM-Roberta-Large-Vit-B-16Plus

//模型文件夹的组织架构如下
picpo@picpo-Server:~/immich-app/ml-models$ tree -L 2
.
├── clip
│   └── XLM-Roberta-Large-Vit-B-16Plus
├── facial-recognition
│   └── antelopev2
└── ocr
    └── PP-OCRv5_mobile

7 directories, 0 files

0x03中文地图支持

记录一下修改为中文地图的方法，贴一下链接和效果

https://github.com/ZingLix/immich-geodata-cn

0x04备份脚本

AI糊弄的，先留个存档

#!/usr/bin/env bash
set -euo pipefail

#################################
# 配置
#################################
IMMICH_DIR="/home/picpo/immich-app"
BACKUP_DIR="/home/picpo/immich_backup"
DATE="$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S)"
ARCHIVE_NAME="immich_backup_${DATE}.tar.gpg"
CHUNK_SIZE="10G"

# 忽略目录
EXCLUDES=(
  "geodata"
  "i18n-iso-countries"
  "ml-models"
)

#################################
# 日志函数
#################################
log() {
  echo "[`date '+%F %T'`] $*"
}

#################################
# 退出时自动启动容器
#################################
cleanup() {
  log "启动 docker compose"
  cd "$IMMICH_DIR"
  docker compose up -d
}
trap cleanup EXIT

#################################
# 开始
#################################

log "创建备份目录"
mkdir -p "$BACKUP_DIR"

log "生成随机密码"
PASSWORD_FILE="$BACKUP_DIR/${ARCHIVE_NAME}.password"
PASSWORD="$(openssl rand -base64 48 | tr -dc 'A-Za-z0-9' | head -c 32)"
echo "$PASSWORD" > "$PASSWORD_FILE"
chmod 600 "$PASSWORD_FILE"

log "进入 Immich 目录"
cd "$IMMICH_DIR"

log "停止 docker compose"
docker compose down

#################################
# 计算目录大小（用于进度显示）
#################################
log "计算备份大小..."
TOTAL_SIZE=$(du -sb . | awk '{print $1}')

#################################
# 构建排除参数
#################################
TAR_EXCLUDES=()
for dir in "${EXCLUDES[@]}"; do
  TAR_EXCLUDES+=(--exclude="./$dir")
done

#################################
# 打包 + 进度显示 + 加密 + 数字分块
#################################

log "开始打包 + 加密 + 10G 数字分块"

tar -cf - "${TAR_EXCLUDES[@]}" . \
| pv -s "$TOTAL_SIZE" \
| gpg \
    --batch \
    --yes \
    --pinentry-mode loopback \
    --passphrase "$PASSWORD" \
    --symmetric \
    --cipher-algo AES256 \
| split -d -a 3 -b "$CHUNK_SIZE" - "$BACKUP_DIR/${ARCHIVE_NAME}.part-"

log "备份完成"
log "密码文件: $PASSWORD_FILE"

ls -lh "$BACKUP_DIR/${ARCHIVE_NAME}.part-"*

log "全部完成 ✅"

恢复方式

1
2
3

cat immich_backup_xxx.tar.gpg.part-* \
| gpg --batch --yes --passphrase-file backup_xxx.password --decrypt \
| tar -xpf -

0x05同步桌面设备的图片

immich比nextcloud强很多，唯一不行的是没有桌面客户端来同步电脑上的图片，但是可以利用immich-go来曲线救国

macOS上用的是launchd 配置文件~~每10s同步一次截图文件夹~~检测到文件夹变动再执行上传

1	nano ~/Library/LaunchAgents/com.picpo.immichgo.upload.plist

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN"
 "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<dict>

  <key>Label</key>
  <string>com.picpo.immichgo.upload</string>

  <key>ProgramArguments</key>
  <array>
    <string>/文件夹/immich-go</string>
    <string>upload</string>
    <string>from-folder</string>
    <string>--server=服务器地址</string>
    <string>--api-key=你的APIKEY</string>
    <string>--folder-as-album=FOLDER</string>
    <string>--no-ui</string>
    <string>/文件夹/Mac截图</string>
  </array>
<![CDATA[      
  <!-- 每 10 秒 -->
  <key>StartInterval</key>
  <integer>10</integer>
]]>
  <!-- 只在文件夹变化时触发 -->
  <key>WatchPaths</key>
  <array>
    <string>/Users/picpo/Desktop/Mac截图</string>
  </array>
  
  <!-- 登录即运行 -->
  <key>RunAtLoad</key>
  <true/>

  <!-- 日志 -->
  <key>StandardOutPath</key>
  <string>/tmp/immich-go.out</string>

  <key>StandardErrorPath</key>
  <string>/tmp/immich-go.err</string>

</dict>
</plist>

启动任务

1	launchctl load ~/Library/LaunchAgents/com.picpo.immichgo.upload.plist

windows上用的就是PowerShell+启动项了

$watchFolder = "你的文件夹"

$global:seen = New-Object System.Collections.Generic.HashSet[string]

$global:watcher = New-Object System.IO.FileSystemWatcher
$watcher.Path = $watchFolder
$watcher.IncludeSubdirectories = $true
$watcher.EnableRaisingEvents = $true

Register-ObjectEvent $watcher Created -Action {
    try {
        $path = $Event.SourceEventArgs.FullPath

        if ($seen.Contains($path)) { return }

        $seen.Add($path) | Out-Null
        Write-Host "NEW FILE:" $path

        Start-Sleep 2

        Write-Host "Starting immich-go..."

        Start-Process `
    -FilePath "C:\文件夹\immich-go.exe" `
    -ArgumentList @(
        "upload","from-folder",
        "--server=服务器地址",
        "--api-key=你的APIKEY",
        "--into-album=PC_Screenshots",
        "--no-ui",
        "你的文件夹"
    ) `
    -WindowStyle Hidden `


        Write-Host "immich-go started."
    }
    catch {
        Write-Host "ERROR:" $_
    }
}

while ($true) { Start-Sleep 1 }

启动文件夹创建一个immich-go-launch.vbs，内容为：

1 2	Set objShell = CreateObject("Wscript.Shell") objShell.Run "powershell.exe -NoProfile -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -File ""C:\Users\picpo\Documents\Workspace\immich-loop.ps1""", 0, False